Research Journal of Science and Technology

R. Manikandan ¹, R. Vijayakumar ¹

Affiliations
1 Research Department of Microbiology, Bharathidasan University Constituent College, Kurumbalur - 621107, Perambalur District, Tamilnadu, IN

Abstract

Growth of biofouling microorganisms in surfaces of poultry, marine and other ecosystems is one of the major issues. Thus it is essential to control the growth of biofouling bacterial growth in surface of biological ecosystem. The present study has aimed to isolate novel antifouling compound from marine actinobacterial isolates. A total of 55 actinobacteria were isolated from Palk Strait coastal region (Bay of Bengal), Tamilnadu, India. All of them were preliminarily screened for their antifouling activity against six different biofouling bacterial (BFB) species isolated from poultry farms by cross streak plate method. Among them, 20 isolates possessed antibacterial activity against biofouling bacteria. From the 20 antifouling compound producers, 10 actinobacterial isolates were selected for further confirmation of antifouling compound production and their antifouling efficacies by shake flask culture method. Of them, one potential strain VS6 was found to be more active against all the six BFB. Thus, the result of the present study represents that the coastal areas of Tamil Nadu are rich in antifouling compound producing actinobacteria.

Keywords

Palk Strait Coast, Marine Actinobacteria, Poultry, Antifouling Activity.

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D. Thirumurugan ¹, R. Vijayakumar ²

Affiliations
1 Dept. of Microbiology, Bharathidasan University Constituent College for women, Orathanadu– 614 625, Tamilnadu, IN
2 Dept. of Microbiology, Bharathidasan University Constituent College, Perambalur – 621 107, Tamilnadu, IN

Abstract

Totally, 82 actinobacteria were isolated from the marine sediment samples of Bay of Bengal, east coast of Tamilnadu, India. Of 82 isolates, 21 (26%) actinobacteria were possessed antibacterial activity against fish pathogenic bacteria namely Vibrio alginolyticus, V. parahaemolyticus, V. cholera, Aeromonas sp. and Pseudomonas sp. Among 21 antagonistic isolates, the isolate ECR77 and ECR 64 showed good inhibitory activity against test pathogens. The crude antibacterial compounds from the potential antagonistic isolates were extracted using different solvents after submerged fermentation. Of the various solvent extracts tested, ethyl acetate extract was showed good antibacterial activity against V. alginolyticus, V. cholera and Pseudomonas sp. The potential antibacterial compound producing isolates were characterized by using standard methods of ISP (International Streptomyces Project) and tentatively identified as Streptomyces sp.

Keywords

Marine Sediments, East Coast of India, Actinobacteria, Fish Pathogens, Antibacterial Activity.

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G. Vaijayanthi ¹, A. Cholarajan ², R. Vijayakumar ³

Affiliations
1 P.G. Department of Microbiology, Meenakshi Chandrasekaran College of Arts and Science, Pattukkottai – 614 626, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 P.G. Department of Microbiology, Meenakshi Chandrasekaran College of Arts and Science Pattukkottai-614 626, Tamil Nadu, IN
3 Department of Microbiology, Bharathidasan University College for Women, Orathanadu-614 625, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

The terrestrial soil sample was collected from Orathanadu, Thanjavur (Dt.), Tamilnadu, India. Physical and chemical characteristics of soil samples such as pH, electrical conductivity (EC), calcium (Ca2+), magnesium (Mg2+), bicarbonate (HCO3^-), chloride (Cl^-), total organic carbon, available nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P₂O₅) and potassium (K₂O) were analyzed. A total of 10 actinobacteria were isolated from the terrestrial soil sample and they were characterized based on the morphological and biochemical properties. Among 10 isolates, each one was belonged to Actinobispora sp., Actinosynnema sp., Actinoplanes sp., Agromyces sp., Actinomadura sp., Jonesia sp., Catellatospora sp., Micromonospora sp., Microtetrospora sp. and Nocardia sp. Antibacterial activity of actinobacteria were tested against five different human pathogenic bacteria such as Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter aerogenes. Further, the purification of antibacterial compound was performed by using thin layer chromatography and the functional groups of bioactive compounds were determined by FT-IR and UV spectral studies.

Keywords

Terrestrial Soil, Actinobacteria, Physico-Chemical Analysis, Antibacterial Activity, Spectral Studies.

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